![]() ![]() ![]() For example, Cathy Peppers ( 1995, 49) has argued that Butler uses four origin stories (i.e., the Biblical, the sociobiological, the paleoanthropological, and the African American slave narrative) in the Xenogenesis novels to show us “how to acknowledge difference without necessarily resorting to ‘essentialist,’ traditional humanist, bounded-self identities.” Similarly, Jeffrey Tucker ( 2007, 181) argues that the trilogy represents Butler’s use of contradiction to encourage readers to “embrace difference” and to critique the idea that racial and gender identities are biological essences.Įric White ( 1993, 399) argues that the Xenogenesis novels, like John Carpenter’s version of The Thing (1982), are evolutionist narratives that depict humanity as “a historical contingent, transitional phenomenon rather than the apex of biological possibility.” Unlike Carpenter’s film, however, Butler’s trilogy “intervene in and reverse a tradition of paranoiac responses to evolution in which Nature in effect persecutes Culture” by embracing the idea that humans will and need to change (402). ![]()
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